HaoHSK App

Complete Chinese learning: Listening, reading, vocabulary, grammar & HSK 2.0, HSK 3.0 mock exams.

Pinyin Chart Reading HSK 1–6 Listening & Dialogues HSK Grammar Topic Vocabulary Character Writing 214 Radicals Character Breakdown Chinese Dictionary HSK Mock Exams All Lessons

HSK 3.0 HSK 1 HSK 2 HSK 3 HSK 4 HSK 5 HSK 6 HSK 7–9

HSK 2.0 HSK 1 HSK 2 HSK 3 HSK 4 HSK 5 HSK 6

© 2026 HaoHSK. All rights reserved.

Privacy Policy•Terms of Service•Contact & Support

Home 词Vocabulary 汉Characters Grammar

HaoHSKLEARN CHINESE

Chinese Reading Practice HSK 1–6

78 graded passages with Pinyin, audio & quizzes

Everyday Chinese Conversations

Phrases by situation, with pinyin & audio

Vocabulary by Topic

Learn words through real-life situations

Chinese Character Writing

Stroke order for every character

The building blocks of Chinese characters

Character Breakdown

Split hanzi into parts, remember by story

View all lessons →

Mock Exams Grammar Dictionary Blog VIP

Mock Exams Grammar Dictionary Blog VIP

Chinese Reading Practice HSK 1–6

78 graded passages with Pinyin, audio & quizzes

Everyday Chinese Conversations

Phrases by situation, with pinyin & audio

Vocabulary by Topic

Learn words through real-life situations

Chinese Character Writing

Stroke order for every character

The building blocks of Chinese characters

Character Breakdown

Split hanzi into parts, remember by story

View all lessons →

Chinese Grammar: "complements" | HaoHSK

HSK Grammar/#complements

#complements

43 grammar points related to "complements", organised by HSK 3.0 and HSK 2.0 level.

HSK Grammar · HSK 3.029 grammar points

HSK 2 Grammar (HSK 3.0)

一下Verb + 一下 (Do Briefly / Give it a Try)Briefly, give it a try (softens polite tone)
起来Directional Complement 起来 (Upward / Inception / Evaluation)Upward motion, start of an action, evaluation (looks/sounds like)
时量补语Complement of Time Duration (时量补语)Expresses the elapsed duration of an ongoing or completed action

Related topics

directional complements
result complements
potential complements
degree complements
time
aspect (了, 过, 着)
verbs
frequency

Complete Chinese Learning & HSK Preparation Directory

Explore all Mandarin Chinese modules from beginner to advanced: Listening, Reading, Vocabulary, Grammar, Characters, and HSK Mock Tests.

📖Chinese Reading & Listening Practice

Chinese Reading Practice HSK 1–6 (78 Passages) →
HSK 1 Reading HSK 2 Reading HSK 3 Reading HSK 4 Reading HSK 5 Reading HSK 6 Reading
Chinese Listening & Conversation Dialogues →

结果补语Fundamental Result Complements (结果补语)Adjective or verb attached directly to the main verb to indicate its outcome

HSK 3 Grammar (HSK 3.0)

完Result Complement 完 (wán) – Finishing an ActionComplement after verb indicating completion
见Result Complement 见 (jiàn) – Sensory PerceptionSensory complement indicating seeing, hearing, smelling
懂Result Complement 懂 (dǒng) – ComprehendingComplement indicating understanding received information
错/对Result Complements 错 (cuò) and 对 (duì) – CorrectnessComplements indicating correct or incorrect outcome
出来Directional Complement 出来 (chūlái) – Outward, RecognizingComplement indicating outward motion or discovery
起来Directional Complement 起来 (qǐlái) – Upward, Inchoative, AppraisalComplement indicating upward motion, beginning, or evaluation
下去Directional Complement 下去 (xiàqù) – Downward, ContinuingComplement indicating downward motion or continuation
得Degree and State Complement with 得 (de)Structural particle connecting verb to degree complement
得了/不了Potential Complements 得了 (deliǎo) and 不了 (buliǎo)Potential complement indicating whether an action can be managed
时量 / 动量补语Complements of duration and frequency (时量补语 & 动量补语)How long an action lasts / how many times it occurs
动词 + 好Resultative complement 好 (hǎo) for satisfactory completionFinished properly and ready (e.g., 准备好, 做好)

HSK 4 Grammar (HSK 3.0)

V + 得/不 + 补语Potential Complements (V + 得/不 + Complement)Can or cannot achieve the result/direction of an action
V/Adj + 得 + 补语Advanced Degree Complements with 得 (de)Describing the manner, degree, or extreme result of an action/state
V + (了) + 时量Duration Complements (V + 了 + Duration)Indicates how long an action or state lasts
V + (了/过) + 数量（次/遍/趟）Action-Frequency Complements with 次 / 遍 / 趟 (cì / biàn / tàng)Indicates how many times an action is performed
复合趋向补语Compound Directional Complements (Metaphorical 起来, 下去, 出来)Metaphorical usages of compound directionals (onset, continuation, recognition)
介宾补语Prepositional Complements with 在/到/给/向 (Post-verbal Prepositional Phrases)Post-verbal prepositional phrases indicating location, destination, recipient, or direction

HSK 5 Grammar (HSK 3.0)

得不能再Complex Degree Complement: 得不能再... – Could Not Be Any More...Structure expressing an absolute extreme degree that cannot be surpassed
起来Extended Directional Complement: 起来 – Inception, Evaluation & GatheringDirectional complement conveying extended meanings of inception, perspective, or gathering
下去/下来Extended Directional Complement: 下去 / 下来 – Continuation or Settling/PreservingPair of directional complements denoting continuation into the future (下去) versus settling, fixing, or calming down (下来)
出/出来Extended Directional Complement: 出 / 出来 – Discernment & CreationComplement denoting sensory recognition/discernment or creating something new from nothing
上Extended Directional Complement: 上 – Attaining Goals & Developing AttachmentComplement expressing closure/contact, achieving an objective, or forming emotional attachment

HSK 6 Grammar (HSK 3.0)

V + 起 / V + 起来Extended Directional Complements: V + 起 / V + 起来Bring up / Recall (V + 起 + O); Start to / When it comes to V-ing (V + 起来)

HSK 7-9 Grammar (HSK 3.0)

起来Figurative 起来: Sensory Evaluation, Retrospection & Discourse MarkersGrammaticalized directional complement marking evaluative viewpoint, recall, or discourse transition
来得及/看得出/V得动/V得起Idiomatic Potential Complements: 来得及/来不及, 看得出, V得动, V得起, 想得开In time / Can tell / Have strength to / Can afford to

HSK Grammar · HSK 2.014 grammar points

HSK 2 Grammar (HSK 2.0)

结果补语Result Complements (结果补语) with 完, 见, 到, 懂, 错[Action] finished / seen / achieved / understood / mistaken
Bổ ngữ trạng thái (得)State Complements (状态补语) with particle 得 (de)[Do something] how / [action] very...

HSK 3 Grammar (HSK 2.0)

好Result Complement: 好 (hǎo)Indicates that an action is completed satisfactorily, properly, and ready.
来 / 去Simple Directional Complement: V + 来 / 去Indicates the movement of an action towards (来) or away from (去) the speaker.
上来 / 下去Compound Directional ComplementCombines a directional verb (上, 下, 进, 出, 回, 过, 起) with 来/去 to describe the trajectory of movement.
得 / 不Potential Complement: V + 得/不 + ComplementIndicates whether subjective ability or objective conditions allow achieving a specific result or direction.
得Complex State Complement: V/Adj + 得 + ClauseUses a phrase or full clause after 得 to vividly describe the degree, state, or consequence reached.
了……了Continuous Duration Complement: V + 了 + Duration + (O) + 了Indicates that an action has lasted for a period of time and is STILL ONGOING at present.
出来Extended Meanings of 出来 (chūlái): Recognition and Creation1. Recognition: identifying something via senses (recognize, discern). 2. Creation: bringing something new into existence (come up with, produce).
起来Extended Meanings of 起来 (qǐlái): Inception & Continuation / Recall1. Inception and continuation: an action starts and tends to continue (burst out laughing). 2. Recall: remembering something from the past (recall).

HSK 4 Grammar (HSK 2.0)

够够 (gòu) – enough; sufficientlyenough; sufficiently

HSK 5 Grammar (HSK 2.0)

起来起来 (qǐlái) – (complement) gather; start; recall; seem when…(complement) gather; start; recall; seem when…
得过 / 不过得过 / 不过 (de guò / bu guò) – (V) can / can't beat, outdo(V) can / can't beat, outdo
得起 / 不起得起 / 不起 (de qǐ / bu qǐ) – (V) can / can't afford, withstand(V) can / can't afford, withstand

tone & attitude

• 1,000 Common Chinese Q&A Sentences

• 3,000 Everyday Chinese Conversation Sentences

Interactive Pinyin Chart & 4 Tones →

📘HSK & Thematic Chinese Vocabulary

HSK 3.0 Vocabulary (9 Levels):

HSK 3.0 · HSK 1 HSK 3.0 · HSK 2 HSK 3.0 · HSK 3 HSK 3.0 · HSK 4 HSK 3.0 · HSK 5 HSK 3.0 · HSK 6 HSK 3.0 · HSK 7–9

HSK 2.0 Vocabulary (6 Levels):

HSK 2.0 · HSK 1 HSK 2.0 · HSK 2 HSK 2.0 · HSK 3 HSK 2.0 · HSK 4 HSK 2.0 · HSK 5 HSK 2.0 · HSK 6

Chinese Vocabulary by Topic →Chinese Dictionary (Hanzi & Pinyin Lookup) →

📐Chinese Grammar (HSK 3.0 & HSK 2.0)

Complete Chinese HSK Grammar Guide →

HSK 3.0 Grammar:

HSK 3.0 · HSK 1 HSK 3.0 · HSK 2 HSK 3.0 · HSK 3 HSK 3.0 · HSK 4 HSK 3.0 · HSK 5 HSK 3.0 · HSK 6 HSK 3.0 · HSK 7–9

HSK 2.0 Grammar:

HSK 1 (2.0)HSK 2 (2.0)HSK 3 (2.0)HSK 4 (2.0)HSK 5 (2.0)HSK 6 (2.0)

✍️Chinese Characters, Radicals & HSK Exams

Chinese Character Stroke Order Writing (HSK 1–9) →
214 Chinese Kangxi Radicals Chart →
Chinese Character Breakdown & Etymology →
HSK 1–9 Online Mock Exams (Listening & Reading) →
HSK 1 HSK 2 HSK 3 HSK 4 HSK 5 HSK 6 HSK 7–9
All Chinese Lessons & Courses Hub →