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Chinese Reading Practice HSK 1–6

78 graded passages with Pinyin, audio & quizzes

Everyday Chinese Conversations

Phrases by situation, with pinyin & audio

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Learn words through real-life situations

Chinese Character Writing

Stroke order for every character

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The building blocks of Chinese characters

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Split hanzi into parts, remember by story

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Mock ExamsGrammarDictionaryBlogVIP
Mock ExamsGrammarDictionaryBlogVIP
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Chinese Reading Practice HSK 1–6

78 graded passages with Pinyin, audio & quizzes

Everyday Chinese Conversations

Phrases by situation, with pinyin & audio

Vocabulary by Topic

Learn words through real-life situations

Chinese Character Writing

Stroke order for every character

214 Radicals

The building blocks of Chinese characters

Character Breakdown

Split hanzi into parts, remember by story

View all lessons →
HSK Grammar/#aspect (了, 过, 着)

#aspect (了, 过, 着)

22 grammar points related to "aspect (了, 过, 着)", organised by HSK 3.0 and HSK 2.0 level.

HSK Grammar · HSK 3.011 grammar points

HSK 1 Grammar (HSK 3.0)

  • 了Particle 了 (le) for completion and change of stateAlready / completion of action or new situation

HSK 2 Grammar (HSK 3.0)

  • 了Dynamic Aspect Particle 了 (le) – Indicating Completed ActionParticle after verb indicating completed action
  • 过Experiential Aspect Particle 过 (guo) – Indicating Past ExperienceParticle after verb indicating past experience
  • 正在Progressive Structure 正在 / 在 (zhèngzài / zài) – Indicating Ongoing ActionAdverbs before verb indicating action in progress
  • 着Aspect Particle 着 (Ongoing State / Accompanying Action)Continuous static state, accompanying action

HSK 3 Grammar (HSK 3.0)

  • 过Aspect particle 过 (guò) for past experienceHave [done something] before (past experience)
  • 着Aspect particle 着 (zhe) for continuous stateContinuous state (-ing state) or accompanying manner (V1+着+V2)

HSK 4 Grammar (HSK 3.0)

  • 终于Adverb 终于 (zhōngyú): Finally / At lastFinally, at last (after long waiting/effort)

HSK 5 Grammar (HSK 3.0)

  • 着Aspect Particle: 着 – Indicating Ongoing State or Accompanying MannerParticle marking a prolonged static state or an accompanying manner of action
  • 来着Sentence-Final Particle 来着 (láizhe): Just now / What was it again...?Did [verb] recently; "...again?" (trying to recall)

HSK 6 Grammar (HSK 3.0)

  • V + 起 / V + 起来Extended Directional Complements: V + 起 / V + 起来Bring up / Recall (V + 起 + O); Start to / When it comes to V-ing (V + 起来)
HSK Grammar · HSK 2.011 grammar points

HSK 1 Grammar (HSK 2.0)

  • 在……呢The 在……呢 (zài...ne) Construction - Expressing Progressive ActionBe doing (in the process of / progressive aspect)
  • Động từ + 了Aspect Particle 了 (le) after Verbs - Indicating Completed ActionAspect particle 'le' (completion of an action)

HSK 2 Grammar (HSK 2.0)

  • 要……了Structure 要……了 / 快要……了 (yào...le) - About to / going to happen soonAbout to, going to happen soon (imminent action)
  • 着Aspect particle 着 (zhe) - Continuous stateDoing, currently (in a state of)
  • 过Aspect particle 过 (guo) - Past experienceHave done

HSK 3 Grammar (HSK 2.0)

  • 了……就Sequential Actions: V1 + 了 + 就 + V2Indicates that the second action takes place immediately right after the first action finishes.
  • 着Accompanying Manner: V1 + 着 + (Object), V2V1 + 着 describes the manner, posture, or continuous background state while executing main action V2.
  • 着Existential Sentence: Location + Verb + 着 + NounDescribes the continuous existence of people or things at a specified location.
  • 了……了Continuous Duration Complement: V + 了 + Duration + (O) + 了Indicates that an action has lasted for a period of time and is STILL ONGOING at present.

HSK 4 Grammar (HSK 2.0)

  • V着V着V着V着 (V zhe V zhe) – while doing … (suddenly)while doing … (suddenly)

HSK 5 Grammar (HSK 2.0)

  • 曾经曾经 (céngjīng) – once, used to (in the past)once, used to (in the past)

Related topics

  • particles
  • time
  • adverbs
  • fixed structures
  • existence & possession
  • complements
  • sequence & listing
  • place & direction
  • reduplication
  • change of state
  • spoken Chinese
  • directional complements
  • tone & attitude

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