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Meaning: Universal quantifiers and minimal conditional markers used in statutory, regulatory, and argumentative texts
凡是参加会议的人都要签到。
Fánshì cānjiā huìyì de rén dōu yào qiāndào.
Every single person who attends the conference must sign in without exception.
但凡有一线希望,我们就不放弃。
Dànfán yǒu yīxiàn xīwàng, wǒmen jiù bù fàngqì.
As long as there remains even the faintest glimmer of hope, we will never give up.
凡事都要讲究方法。
Fán shì dōu yào jiǎngjiu fāngfǎ.
In all undertakings whatsoever, one must place paramount importance on methodology.
•The main clause after “凡是/凡” must include “都”, “均”, or “一律”; distinguish “但凡” (minimal threshold) from “凡是” (universal scope); in legal codes, “凡” often pairs with “者” (凡符合条件者).
⚠️ Common Mistakes:
•Incorrect: 凡是学生要交 → Correct: 凡是学生都要交 (the adverb 都 or 均 is mandatory in the main clause).
•Confusing 但凡 with 凡是: 但凡 stresses a minimal condition
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凡符合条件者均可报名参加。
Fán fúhé tiáojiàn zhě jūn kě bàomíng cānjiā.
All persons who fulfill the stipulated criteria are entitled to apply and participate.
•Incomplete syntax with 凡: 凡参加要 sign in → Correct: 凡符合条件者均可报名 (凡 must govern a noun phrase, often ending in 者).
•Confusing 凡 with generic 任何: 凡 carries an elevated, formal statutory tone, whereas 任何 is stylistically neutral.
