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Verb 有 (yǒu) for possession and existence – HSK 1 (HSK 3.0) Grammar

HSK Grammar/HSK 3.0 · HSK 1/Basic Sentences

有yǒu

HSK 3.0 · HSK 1 · #16

Verb 有 (yǒu) for possession and existence

Meaning: To have / there is, there are

Pattern

Subject + 有 + Object
Place + 有 + Noun

Usage

有 (yǒu) is one of the most essential verbs in HSK 1, serving two main functions:
1.
Possession ('A has B'): Subject + 有 + Object.
Examples: 我有一个哥哥 (I have an older brother), 他有很多书 (He has many books).
2.
Existence ('There is Y at place X'):

Examples

1
我有一个弟弟。
Wǒ yǒu yí gè dìdi.
I have a younger brother.
2
桌子上有几本书。
Zhuōzi shàng yǒu jǐ běn shū.
There are several books on the table.
3
你有时间吗?
Nǐ yǒu shíjiān ma?
Do you have time?
4
我没有手机。

Notes

•Always negate 有 with 没有, NEVER with 不有.

⚠️ Common Mistakes:

•Negating 有 with 不: WRONG 我不有 → RIGHT 我没有.

•Wrong word order in existential sentences: WRONG 一本书桌子上有 → RIGHT 桌子上有一本书.

Related topics

verbs
existence & possession

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Same group

Basic Sentences

是To be (identity, profession, nationality)
喜欢To like / to be fond of (someone, something, or doing something)
来 / 去To come (towards speaker) / To go (away from speaker)
请Please / to invite

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Place + 有 + Noun.

Examples: 桌子上有一本书 (There is a book on the table), 教室里有十个人 (There are ten people in the classroom).

SPECIAL NEGATION RULE: 有 is the ONLY verb in Chinese that cannot be negated with 不; you must use 没 or 没有 (WRONG: 我不有钱 → RIGHT: 我没有钱).

Question forms: add 吗 at the end (你有书吗?) or use the affirmative-negative form 有没有 (你有没有书?).

Wǒ méiyǒu shǒujī.

I don't have a mobile phone.

5

教室里有学生吗?

Jiàoshì lǐ yǒu xuéshēng ma?

Are there students in the classroom?

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