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Follows adjectives or verbs to indicate an extreme degree, usually with negative or derogatory connotations ('thoroughly / terribly').

Placed at the start of a clause to express that a situation resulted in an outcome (often unexpected or adverse).

Spoken adverb used for strong emphasis in declarative statements, imperatives (可别/可要), and exclamations.

Indicates that one alternates only between two things or states, emphasizing monotony and lack of variation ('nothing but...').

Equivalent to 'as long as it is X, then...', using a generic category X without exception.

Compound sentence negating the former clause while asserting the latter ('not X, but Y').