HSK 3 • Lesson 12谈论朋友
HSK 3 • 基础篇Lesson 12 / 25

谈论朋友

Tánlùn péngyou
Talking About Friends
Pattern 1

以为

yǐwéi

Indicates a past thought, assumption, or judgement that turned out to be contrary to the facts ('mistakenly thought that...'). Contrasted with 认为 (objective opinion).

Examples
我原来一直以为他会考研究生的。
Wǒ yuánlái yīzhí yǐwéi tā huì kǎo yánjiūshēng de.
I had always assumed all along that he would take the graduate school entrance exam.
大家都以为黄勇已经去上海了，其实他还没走。
Dàjiā dōu yǐwéi Huáng Yǒng yǐjīng qù Shànghǎi le, qíshí tā hái méi zǒu.
Everyone thought Huang Yong had already gone to Shanghai, but actually he hasn't left yet.
Pattern 2

句尾助词“来着”

jùwěi zhùcí 'láizhe'

Sentence-final aspectual particle indicating an action or situation that took place in the recent past; in questions, it prompts recall of something previously known but momentarily forgotten.

Examples
大家都这么想来着。
Dàjiā dōu zhème xiǎng láizhe.
Everyone was thinking that way indeed.
那个演员挺有名的，叫什么来着？
Nà gè yǎnyuán tǐng yǒumíng de, jiào shénme láizhe?
That actor is quite famous; what's his name again?
Pattern 3

V + 起来 (插入语)

V + qǐlai (chārùyǔ)

Parenthetical phrase placed at the beginning of a sentence to estimate, judge, or consider from a certain angle ('Speaking of...', 'Looking at it...', 'Calculating it...'). Common verbs: 说、看、想、算、论.

Examples
说起他来，我常常觉得他有点儿奇怪。
Shuō qǐ tā lái, wǒ chángcháng juéde tā yǒudiǎnr qíguài.
Speaking of him, I often feel he's a little bit strange.
算起来，我们到北京已经一个月了。
Suàn qǐlai, wǒmen dào Běijīng yǐjīng yī gè yuè le.
Calculating the time, we've already been in Beijing for a month.
Pattern 4

副词“光”

fùcí 'guāng'

Adverb meaning 'only / merely / solely' before verbs/adjectives; or '光 + N + 就 + quantity' indicating that just one part alone reaches a large amount.

Examples
光听你说他的好话，他没有缺点吗？
Guāng tīng nǐ shuō tā de hǎohuà, tā méiyǒu quēdiǎn ma?
I only hear you say good things about him; doesn't he have any shortcomings?
学汉语光上课不够，还要多跟中国人谈话。
Xué Hànyǔ guāng shàngkè bù gòu, hái yào duō gēn Zhōngguórén tánhuà.
To learn Chinese, merely attending class is not enough; you must also talk with Chinese people more.
Pattern 5

连词“再说”

liáncí 'zàishuō'

Conjunction placed at the beginning of a following clause to introduce an additional reason or explanation ('besides / furthermore / on top of that').

Examples
再说，他的缺点你们也都知道。
Zàishuō, tā de quēdiǎn nǐmen yě dōu zhīdào.
Besides, you all already know his shortcomings as well.
Pattern 6

说不定

shuōbudìng

Adverb or predicate expressing uncertainty: 'perhaps / maybe / possibly / hard to tell'.

Examples
那说不定过一段时间，她跟咱们也会又说又笑。
Nà shuōbudìng guò yī duàn shíjiān, tā gēn zánmen yě huì yòu shuō yòu xiào.
Then maybe after a while, she will also chat and laugh with us.
Pattern 7

两个疑问代词前后照应

liǎng gè yíwèn dàicí qiánhòu zhàoyìng

Two identical question words used in succession across clauses, with the first determining the second ('say whatever comes to mind', 'go wherever you want', 'whoever loves it can go').

Examples
他性格非常外向，有什么说什么。
Tā xìnggé fēicháng wàixiàng, yǒu shénme shuō shénme.
His personality is very outgoing; he speaks his mind frankly.